An ideal voltage source is one that provides
a given, known voltage vs , no matter what sort of load it is connected
to. That is, regardless of the current drawn from the ideal voltage source, it
will always provide the same voltage. Note that an ideal voltage source does
not have to deliver a constant voltage; for example, it may produce a
sinusoidally varying voltage—the key is that that voltage is not a function of
the amount of current drawn. A symbol for an ideal voltage source is shown in
Fig.
A special case of an ideal voltage source is
an ideal battery that provides a constant dc output, as shown in Fig. 1.8. A
real battery approximates the ideal source; but as current increases, the
output drops somewhat. To account for that drop, quite often the model used for
a real battery is an ideal voltage source in series with the internal
resistance of the battery.
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